Browsing by keyword "*Overweight"
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Excess body weight, clinical profile, management practices, and hospital prognosis in men and women after acute myocardial infarctionBACKGROUND: Excess body weight is increasingly being recognized as a major health problem in American men and women. It is unclear, however, whether body weight is associated with the demographic and clinical profile, treatment of, and hospital prognosis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS: Nonconcurrent prospective epidemiologic investigation of Worcester (Massachusetts) metropolitan residents hospitalized at all 11 greater Worcester medical centers with validated AMI in 1997, 1999, 2001, and 2003. RESULTS: A total of 2008 men and 1505 women were hospitalized with confirmed AMI during the 4 study periods. Approximately 41% of men and 29% of women were classified as being overweight (body mass index [BMI] of 25-29.9), whereas 27% of men and 26% of women hospitalized with AMI were considered to be obese (BMI > or = 30). Obese men and women were significantly younger than individuals of normal weight. Effective cardiac treatment regimens were less often used in men and women of normal body weight, compared with patients who were overweight or obese. After controlling for several potentially confounding prognostic factors, there were no significant differences in the risk of dying during hospitalization for either overweight or obese men and women, compared with patients of normal body weight. Obese men and women were, however, at greater risk for developing heart failure during the acute hospitalization than men and women of normal weight. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this community study suggest an association between BMI and use of different treatment approaches in patients with AMI. Further examination of the impact of excess body weight on hospital outcomes associated with AMI remains warranted.
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Prevalence of overweight in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorders: a chart reviewBACKGROUND: The condition of obesity has become a significant public health problem in the United States. In children and adolescents, the prevalence of overweight has tripled in the last 20 years, with approximately 16.0% of children ages 6-19, and 10.3% of 2-5 year olds being considered overweight. Considerable research is underway to understand obesity in the general pediatric population, however little research is available on the prevalence of obesity in children with developmental disorders. The purpose of our study was to determine the prevalence of overweight among a clinical population of children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 140 charts of children ages 3-18 years seen between 1992 and 2003 at a tertiary care clinic that specializes in the evaluation and treatment of children with developmental, behavioral, and cognitive disorders. Diagnostic, medical, and demographic information was extracted from the charts. Primary diagnoses of either ADHD or ASD were recorded, as was information on race/ethnicity, age, gender, height, and weight. Information was also collected on medications that the child was taking. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from measures of height and weight recorded in the child's chart. The Center for Disease Control's BMI growth reference was used to determine an age- and gender-specific BMI z-score for the children. RESULTS: The prevalence of at-risk-for-overweight (BMI > 85th%ile) and overweight (BMI > 95th%ile) was 29% and 17.3% respectively in children with ADHD. Although the prevalence appeared highest in the 2-5 year old group (42.9%ile), differences among age groups were not statistically significant. Prevalence did not differ between boys and girls or across age groups (all p > 0.05). For children with ASD, the overall prevalence of at-risk-for-overweight was 35.7% and prevalence of overweight was 19%. CONCLUSION: When compared to an age-matched reference population (NHANES 1999-2002), our estimates indicate that children with ADHD and with ASD have a prevalence of overweight that is similar to children in the general population.
