OBJECTIVE: To evaluate compliance with recommendations for sweat testing/specialty evaluation and genetic counseling after a positive cystic fibrosis newborn screening (CF NBS) result.

STUDY DESIGN: All infants with positive CF NBS results require a diagnostic sweat test at a CF center. Results that were "screen positive and diagnosis negative" prompted family genetic counseling. Parent compliance with follow-up protocol recommendations was retrospectively analyzed relative to the communications model in place at a particular CF Center.

RESULTS: At each of the 5 MA CF centers, 95% of the CF NBS-positive infants completed recommended sweat testing. In contrast, there was wide disparity in compliance (32%-90%) with completion of genetic counseling between CF centers.

CONCLUSION: CF centers that escorted parents through the 2 recommended follow-up steps in 1 day had higher compliance with the second step (genetic counseling) than centers that required a return visit for genetic counseling.