Ten-year changes in smoking among young adults: are racial differences explained by socioeconomic factors in the CARDIA study
Kiefe, Catarina I. ; Williams, O. Dale ; Lewis, Cora E. ; Allison, Jeroan J. ; Sekar, Padmini ; Wagenknecht, Lynne E.
Citations
Student Authors
Faculty Advisor
Academic Program
UMass Chan Affiliations
Document Type
Publication Date
Keywords
Adult
African Americans
Analysis of Variance
Confidence Intervals
Coronary Disease
European Continental Ancestry Group
Female
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Odds Ratio
Population Surveillance
Poverty
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Sex Distribution
Smoking
Smoking Cessation
United States
Urban Health
Bioinformatics
Biostatistics
Epidemiology
Health Services Research
Subject Area
Embargo Expiration Date
Link to Full Text
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated whether socioeconomic factors explain racial/ethnic differences in regular smoking initiation and cessation.
METHODS: Data were derived from the CARDIA study, a cohort of 5115 healthy adults aged 18 to 30 years at baseline (1985-1986) and recruited from the populations of 4 US cities. Respondents were followed over 10 years.
RESULTS: Among 3950 respondents reexamined in 1995-1996, 20% of Whites and 33% of African Americans were smokers, as compared with 25% and 32%, respectively, in 1985-1986. On average, African Americans were of lower socioeconomic status. Ten-year regular smoking initiation rates for African American women, White women, African American men, and White men were 7.1%, 3.5%, 13.2%, and 5.1%, respectively, and the corresponding cessation rates were 25%, 35.1%, 19.2%, and 31.3%. After adjustment for socioeconomic factors, most 95% confidence intervals of the odds ratios for regular smoking initiation and cessation in African Americans vs Whites included 1.
CONCLUSIONS: Less beneficial 10-year changes in smoking were observed in African Americans, but socioeconomic factors explained most of the racial disparity.
Source
Am J Public Health. 2001 Feb;91(2):213-8.