OBJECTIVES: To examine age group differences in predictors of mammography screening in women with a first-degree female relative (FDFR) with recent diagnosis of breast cancer.

METHODS: A cohort study of 577 women ages 18 and over with a FDFR diagnosed with incident stage 0-III breast cancer was conducted. Telephone interviews were conducted at baseline, 6 months and 12 months. Logistic regression was used to model factors associated with mammography screening since diagnosis.

RESULTS: Mammography rates were 32%, 71% and 75% for women aged 18-39, 40-49 and 50 and above, respectively. Among the youngest group, belief in cancer screening effectiveness, mammography history and MD recommendation predicted mammography. For those 40-49, excellent self-rated health, perceived similarity of personality to the patient and higher intrusive thoughts predicted mammography. Perceived similarity of health care utilization to the patient and higher risk perceptions were associated with mammography among women aged 50 and above.

CONCLUSIONS: Mammography rates were high among women aged 40-49 and 50 and above, and considerable among women aged 18-30, even in view of the lack of evidence-based guidelines. Continued attention should be paid to the 25-30% of older women who do not report screening.