Role of the Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element Binding Proteins in Neuron: A Dissertation

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dc.contributor.advisorJoel Richter, PhD
dc.contributor.authorOruganty, Aparna
dc.contributor.departmentProgram in Molecular Medicine
dc.date2022-08-11T08:08:44.000
dc.date.accessioned2022-08-23T16:06:04Z
dc.date.available2022-08-23T16:06:04Z
dc.date.issued2013-02-26
dc.date.submitted2013-05-29
dc.description.abstractGenome regulation is an extremely complex phenomenon. There are various mechanisms in place to ensure smooth performance of the organism. Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression is one such mechanism. Many proteins bind to mRNAs and regulate their translation. In this thesis, I have focused on the Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element Binding family of proteins (CPEB1-4); a group of sequence specific RNA binding proteins important for cell cycle progression, senescence, neuronal function and plasticity. CPEB protein binds mRNAs containing a short Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element (CPE) in 3’ untranslated Region (UTR) and regulates the polyadenylation of these mRNAs and thereby controls translation. In Chapter II, I have presented my work on the regulation of mitochondrial function by CPEB. CPEB knockout mice have brain specific defects in mitochondrial function owing to a reduction in Electron transport chain complex I component protein NDUFV2. CPEB controls the translation of this NDUFV2 mRNA and thus affects mitochondrial function. A consequence of this reduced bioenergetics is reduced growth and branching of neurons, again emphasizing the importance of this pathway. Chapter III focuses on the role of CPEB4 in neuronal survival and protection against apoptosis. CPEB4 shuttles between nucleus and cytoplasm and becomes nuclear in response to stimulation with ionotropic glutamate receptors, focal ischemia in vivo and when cultured neurons are deprived of oxygen and glucose; nuclear CPEB4 affords protection against apoptosis in ischemia model. The underlying cause for nuclear translocation is reduction in Endoplasmic Reticulum calcium levels. These studies give an insight into the function and dynamics of these two RNA binding proteins and provide a better understanding of cellular biology.
dc.description.thesisprogramInterdisciplinary Graduate Program
dc.identifier.contextkey4183206
dc.identifier.doi10.13028/M2TW29
dc.identifier.legacycoverpagehttps://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/648
dc.identifier.legacyfulltexthttps://escholarship.umassmed.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1650&context=gsbs_diss&unstamped=1
dc.identifier.submissionpathgsbs_diss/648
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/31999
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.legacy.embargo2013-03-08T00:00:00-08:00
dc.publisherUniversity of Massachusetts Medical School
dc.rightsCopyright is held by the author, with all rights reserved.
dc.subjectDissertations, UMMS
dc.subjectPolyadenylation
dc.subjectRNA-Binding Proteins
dc.subjectTranscription Factors
dc.subjectmRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors
dc.subjectNeurons
dc.subjectPolyadenylation
dc.subjectRNA-Binding Proteins
dc.subjectTranscription Factors
dc.subjectmRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors
dc.subjectNeurons
dc.subjectCell and Developmental Biology
dc.titleRole of the Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element Binding Proteins in Neuron: A Dissertation
dc.typeDoctoral Dissertation
dspace.entity.typePublication
html.description.abstract<p>Genome regulation is an extremely complex phenomenon. There are various mechanisms in place to ensure smooth performance of the organism. Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression is one such mechanism. Many proteins bind to mRNAs and regulate their translation. In this thesis, I have focused on the Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element Binding family of proteins (CPEB1-4); a group of sequence specific RNA binding proteins important for cell cycle progression, senescence, neuronal function and plasticity. CPEB protein binds mRNAs containing a short Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element (CPE) in 3’ untranslated Region (UTR) and regulates the polyadenylation of these mRNAs and thereby controls translation. In Chapter II, I have presented my work on the regulation of mitochondrial function by CPEB. CPEB knockout mice have brain specific defects in mitochondrial function owing to a reduction in Electron transport chain complex I component protein NDUFV2. CPEB controls the translation of this NDUFV2 mRNA and thus affects mitochondrial function. A consequence of this reduced bioenergetics is reduced growth and branching of neurons, again emphasizing the importance of this pathway. Chapter III focuses on the role of CPEB4 in neuronal survival and protection against apoptosis. CPEB4 shuttles between nucleus and cytoplasm and becomes nuclear in response to stimulation with ionotropic glutamate receptors, focal ischemia <em>in vivo</em> and when cultured neurons are deprived of oxygen and glucose; nuclear CPEB4 affords protection against apoptosis in ischemia model. The underlying cause for nuclear translocation is reduction in Endoplasmic Reticulum calcium levels. These studies give an insight into the function and dynamics of these two RNA binding proteins and provide a better understanding of cellular biology.</p>
refterms.dateFOA2022-08-25T04:00:42Z
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