Self-delivering, chemically modified CRISPR RNAs for AAV co-delivery and genome editing in vivo
Zhang, Han ; Kelly, Karen ; Lee, Jonathan ; Echeverria, Dimas ; Cooper, David ; Panwala, Rebecca ; Amrani, Nadia ; Chen, Zexiang ; Gaston, Nicholas ; Wagh, Atish ... show 8 more
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David A Cooper
Rebecca Panwala
Nicholas Gaston
Faculty Advisor
Academic Program
UMass Chan Affiliations
Horae Gene Therapy Center
Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research
Microbiology and Physiological Systems
Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology
Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
NeuroNexus Institute
Program in Molecular Medicine
RNA Therapeutics Institute
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Abstract
Guide RNAs offer programmability for CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing but also add challenges for delivery. Chemical modification, which has been key to the success of oligonucleotide therapeutics, can enhance the stability, distribution, cellular uptake, and safety of nucleic acids. Previously, we engineered heavily and fully modified SpyCas9 crRNA and tracrRNA, which showed enhanced stability and retained activity when delivered to cultured cells in the form of the ribonucleoprotein complex. In this study, we report that a short, fully stabilized oligonucleotide (a 'protecting oligo'), which can be displaced by tracrRNA annealing, can significantly enhance the potency and stability of a heavily modified crRNA. Furthermore, protecting oligos allow various bioconjugates to be appended, thereby improving cellular uptake and biodistribution of crRNA in vivo. Finally, we achieved in vivo genome editing in adult mouse liver and central nervous system via co-delivery of unformulated, chemically modified crRNAs with protecting oligos and AAV vectors that express tracrRNA and either SpyCas9 or a base editor derivative. Our proof-of-concept establishment of AAV/crRNA co-delivery offers a route towards transient editing activity, target multiplexing, guide redosing, and vector inactivation.
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Zhang H, Kelly K, Lee J, Echeverria D, Cooper D, Panwala R, Amrani N, Chen Z, Gaston N, Wagh A, Newby GA, Xie J, Liu DR, Gao G, Wolfe SA, Khvorova A, Watts JK, Sontheimer EJ. Self-delivering, chemically modified CRISPR RNAs for AAV co-delivery and genome editing in vivo. Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 25;52(2):977-997. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkad1125. PMID: 38033325; PMCID: PMC10810193.