Characterization of functional antibody and memory B-cell responses to pH1N1 monovalent vaccine in HIV-infected children and youth
Curtis, Donna J. Muresan, Petronella Nachman, Sharon Fenton, Terence Richardson, Kelly M. Dominguez, Teresa Flynn, Patricia M. Spector, Stephen A. Cunningham, Coleen K. Bloom, Anthony
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES: We investigated immune determinants of antibody responses and B-cell memory to pH1N1 vaccine in HIV-infected children.
METHODS: Ninety subjects 4 to < 25 years of age received two double doses of pH1N1 vaccine. Serum and cells were frozen at baseline, after each vaccination, and at 28 weeks post-immunization. Hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titers, avidity indices (AI), B-cell subsets, and pH1N1 IgG and IgA antigen secreting cells (ASC) were measured at baseline and after each vaccination. Neutralizing antibodies and pH1N1-specific Th1, Th2 and Tfh cytokines were measured at baseline and post-dose 1.
RESULTS: At entry, 26 (29%) subjects had pH1N1 protective HAI titers ( > /=1:40). pH1N1-specific HAI, neutralizing titers, AI, IgG ASC, IL-2 and IL-4 increased in response to vaccination (p /=1:40 had significantly greater increases in IgG ASC and AI after immunization compared with those with HAI < 1:40. Neutralizing titers and AI after vaccination increased with older age. High pH1N1 HAI responses were associated with increased IgG ASC, IFNgamma, IL-2, microneutralizion titers, and AI. Microneutralization titers after vaccination increased with high IgG ASC and IL-2 responses. IgG ASC also increased with high IFNgamma responses. CD4% and viral load did not predict the immune responses post-vaccination, but the B-cell distribution did. Notably, vaccine immunogenicity increased with high CD19+CD21+CD27+% resting memory, high CD19+CD10+CD27+% immature activated, low CD19+CD21-CD27-CD20-% tissue-like, low CD19+CD21-CD27-CD20-% transitional and low CD19+CD38+HLADR+% activated B-cell subsets.
CONCLUSIONS: HIV-infected children on HAART mount a broad B-cell memory response to pH1N1 vaccine, which was higher for subjects with baseline HAI>/=1:40 and increased with age, presumably due to prior exposure to pH1N1 or to other influenza vaccination/infection. The response to the vaccine was dependent on B-cell subset distribution, but not on CD4 counts or viral load.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00992836.
Source
PLoS One. 2015 Mar 18;10(3):e0118567. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118567. Link to article on publisher's site.
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Notes
Participating study sites and personnel include the Western New England Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Unit (Katherine Luzuriaga, MD; Jesica Pagano-Therrien, RN, NP; CTSA Grant: UL1RR031982).