INTRODUCTION: Cancer survivors face a high burden of comorbidities which negatively influence long-term outcomes. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) may augment these outcomes, but their role in this population remains understudied.

METHODS: We conducted a literature review of randomized controlled trials, observational studies, retrospective cohort studies, pre-clinical trials, and reviews related to GLP-1 RAs and cancer survivors.

RESULTS: We first delineate the GLP-1 RA mechanisms of action in glycemic control, inflammation, cardiovascular protection, neuroprotection, nephroprotection, and cancer proliferation. Then, we highlight the potential clinical benefits that these drugs could have in cancer survivors based on available studies, including metabolism, cardiovascular risk, lymphedema and mortality. Finally, we address ongoing safety concerns for GLP-1 RAs, particularly focusing on their potential use in cancer survivors.

DISCUSSION: Given the limited evidence to date, further research is needed to evaluate the long-term benefits and safety of GLP-1 RA use in cancer survivors.