COVID-19: Pathophysiology and implications for cystic fibrosis, diabetes and cystic fibrosis-related diabetes
Mason, Kelly ; Hasan, Sana ; Darukhanavala, Amy ; Kutney, Katherine
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COVID-19
Cystic fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes
Diabetes
SARS-CoV-2
Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities
Endocrine System Diseases
Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism
Immunology and Infectious Disease
Infectious Disease
Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases
Respiratory Tract Diseases
Virus Diseases
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Abstract
The novel SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) has become a global health crisis since its initial outbreak in Wuhan, China in December 2019. On January 30, 2020, the WHO recognized the COVID-19 outbreak as a Public Health Emergency, and on March 11, 2020, it was declared a pandemic. Although all age groups have been affected, patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes have been categorized as highly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus far, studies have found that the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in the CF population is lower than the general population. We review the underlying protective mechanisms which may reduce inflammation and lung damage in CF patients, thus decreasing their risk of severe COVID-19. While the effect of SARS-CoV-2 in those with diabetes related to CF is unknown, other forms of diabetes have been associated with more severe disease. To further understand the potential impact of SARS-CoV-2 in cystic fibrosis-related diabetes, we provide a comprehensive overview of the potential factors contributing to COVID-19 severity in other forms of diabetes, including direct viral effect on the pancreas and indirect effects related to hyperglycemia and immune dysregulation.
Source
Mason K, Hasan S, Darukhanavala A, Kutney K. COVID-19: Pathophysiology and implications for cystic fibrosis, diabetes and cystic fibrosis-related diabetes. J Clin Transl Endocrinol. 2021 Dec;26:100268. doi: 10.1016/j.jcte.2021.100268. Epub 2021 Oct 25. PMID: 34722160; PMCID: PMC8545686. Link to article on publisher's site