Spiritual well-being may buffer psychological distress in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD)

Abstract

Psychological distress is common in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) and has been associated with a worse prognosis. The authors examined whether spiritual well-being is associated with reduced psychological distress in patients with ICDs. The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Wellbeing (FACIT-SWB) questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to measure spiritual well-being and overall psychological distress. Multivariate linear regression was used to explore the relationship between these variables. The study sample included 46 ICD outpatients (32 M, 14 F; age range 43-83). An inverse association between HADS and FACIT-SWB scores was found, persisting after adjustment for demographics, anxiety/depression, medications, therapist support, and functional status (F = 0.001; β= -0.31, CI: -0.44, -0.19). In conclusion, spiritual well-being was independently associated with lower psychological distress in ICD outpatients. Spiritual well-being could act as a protective factor against psychological distress in these high-risk patients.