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    Decade-Long Trends in Liver Transplant Waitlist Removal Due to Illness Severity: The Impact of Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Policy

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    Authors
    Dolgin, Natasha H.
    Movahedi, Babak
    Martins, Paulo N.A.
    Goldberg, Robert J.
    Lapane, Kate L.
    Anderson, Frederick A. Jr.
    Bozorgzadeh, Adel
    UMass Chan Affiliations
    Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Clinical and Population Health Research Program
    Department of Surgery, Center for Outcomes Research
    Department of Quantitative Health Sciences
    Department of Surgery, Division of Organ Transplantation
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Publication Date
    2016-06-01
    Keywords
    Clinical Epidemiology
    Epidemiology
    Health Policy
    Health Services Administration
    Health Services Research
    Surgery
    
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    Link to Full Text
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.03.021
    Abstract
    BACKGROUND: The central tenet of liver transplant organ allocation is to prioritize the sickest patients first. However, a 2007 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services regulatory policy, Conditions of Participation (COP), which mandates publically reported transplant center performance assessment and outcomes-based auditing, critically altered waitlist management and clinical decision making. We examine the extent to which COP implementation is associated with increased removal of the "sickest" patients from the liver transplant waitlist. STUDY DESIGN: This study included 90,765 adult (aged 18 years and older) deceased donor liver transplant candidates listed at 102 transplant centers from April 2002 through December 2012 (Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients). We quantified the effect of COP implementation on trends in waitlist removal due to illness severity and 1-year post-transplant mortality using interrupted time series segmented Poisson regression analysis. RESULTS: We observed increasing trends in delisting due to illness severity in the setting of comparable demographic and clinical characteristics. Delisting abruptly increased by 16% at the time of COP implementation, and likelihood of being delisted continued to increase by 3% per quarter thereafter, without attenuation (p < 0.001). Results remained consistent after stratifying on key variables (ie, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease and age). The COP did not significantly impact 1-year post-transplant mortality (p = 0.38). CONCLUSIONS: Although the 2007 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services COP policy was a quality initiative designed to improve patient outcomes, in reality, it failed to show beneficial effects in the liver transplant population. Patients who could potentially benefit from transplantation are increasingly being denied this lifesaving procedure while transplant mortality rates remain unaffected. Policy makers and clinicians should strive to balance candidate and recipient needs from a population-benefit perspective when designing performance metrics and during clinical decision making for patients on the waitlist.
    Source
    J Am Coll Surg. 2016 Jun;222(6):1054-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.03.021. Epub 2016 Apr 28. Link to article on publisher's site
    DOI
    10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.03.021
    Permanent Link to this Item
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/28860
    PubMed ID
    27178368
    Notes

    First author Natasha Dolgin is a doctoral student in the Clinical and Population Health Research Program in the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS) at UMass Medical School.

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    Link to Article in PubMed
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.03.021
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    UMass Chan Faculty and Researcher Publications

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