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    Optimism, Cynical Hostility, Falls, and Fractures: The Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI-OS)

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    Authors
    Cauley, Jane A.
    Smagula, Stephen F.
    Hovey, Kathleen M.
    Wactawski-Wende, Jean
    Andrews, Christopher A.
    Crandall, Carolyn J.
    LeBoff, Meryl S.
    Li, Wenjun
    Coday, Mace
    Sattari, Maryam
    Tindle, Hilary A.
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    UMass Chan Affiliations
    Prevention Research Center
    Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Publication Date
    2017-02-01
    Keywords
    FALLS
    FRACTURES
    HOSTILITY
    OPTIMISM
    PERSONALITY
    PROSPECTIVE STUDY
    WOMEN'S HEALTH INITIATIVE
    Musculoskeletal Diseases
    Psychiatry and Psychology
    Women's Health
    
    Metadata
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    Link to Full Text
    https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.2984
    Abstract
    Traits of optimism and cynical hostility are features of personality that could influence the risk of falls and fractures by influencing risk-taking behaviors, health behaviors, or inflammation. To test the hypothesis that personality influences falls and fracture risk, we studied 87,342 women enrolled in WHI-OS. Optimism was assessed by the Life Orientation Test-Revised and cynical hostility, the cynicism subscale of the Cook-Medley questionnaire. Higher scores indicate greater optimism and hostility. Optimism and hostility were correlated at r = -0. 31, p < 0.001. Annual self-report of falling > /=2 times in the past year was modeled using repeated measures logistic regression. Cox proportional hazards models were used for the fracture outcomes. We examined the risk of falls and fractures across the quartiles (Q) of optimism and hostility with tests for trends; Q1 formed the referent group. The average follow-up for fractures was 11.4 years and for falls was 7.6 years. In multivariable (MV)-adjusted models, women with the highest optimism scores (Q4) were 11% less likely to report > /=2 falls in the past year (odds ratio [OR] = 0.89; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.85-0.90). Women in Q4 for hostility had a 12% higher risk of > /=2 falls (OR = 1.12; 95% CI 1.07-1.17). Higher optimism scores were also associated with a 10% lower risk of fractures, but this association was attenuated in MV models. Women with the greatest hostility (Q4) had a modest increased risk of any fracture (MV-adjusted hazard ratio = 1. 05; 95% CI 1.01-1.09), but there was no association with specific fracture sites. In conclusion, optimism was independently associated with a decreased risk of > /=2 falls, and hostility with an increased risk of > /=2 falls, independent of traditional risk factors. The magnitude of the association was similar to aging 5 years. Whether interventions aimed at attitudes could reduce fall risks remains to be determined.
    Source
    J Bone Miner Res. 2017 Feb;32(2):221-229. Epub 2016 Sep 20. Link to article on publisher's site
    DOI
    10.1002/jbmr.2984
    Permanent Link to this Item
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/29084
    PubMed ID
    27566996
    Related Resources
    Link to Article in PubMed
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1002/jbmr.2984
    Scopus Count
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