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    Computer Administered Safety Planning for Individuals at Risk for Suicide: Development and Usability Testing

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    Authors
    Boudreaux, Edwin D
    Brown, Gregory K.
    Stanley, Barbara
    Sadasivam, Rajani S.
    Camargo, Carlos A. Jr
    Miller, Ivan W.
    UMass Chan Affiliations
    Department of Quantitative Health Sciences
    Department of Emergency Medicine
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Publication Date
    2017-05-15
    Keywords
    technology
    safety
    health planning
    suicide
    computers
    telemedicine
    suicidal ideation
    suicide attempts
    risk
    Emergency Medicine
    Health Information Technology
    Mental and Social Health
    Psychiatry
    Psychiatry and Psychology
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    Abstract
    BACKGROUND: Safety planning is a brief intervention that has become an accepted practice in many clinical settings to help prevent suicide. Even though it is quick compared to other approaches, it frequently requires 20 min or more to complete, which can impede adoption. A self-administered, Web-based safety planning application could potentially reduce clinician time, help promote standardization and quality, and provide enhanced ability to share the created plan. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to design, build, and test the usability of a Web-based, self-administered safety planning application. METHODS: We employed a user-centered software design strategy led by a multidisciplinary team. The application was tested for usability with a target sample of suicidal patients. Detailed observations, structured usability ratings, and Think Aloud procedures were used. Suicidal ideation intensity and perceived ability to cope were assessed pre-post engagement with the Web application. RESULTS: A total of 30 participants were enrolled. Usability ratings were generally strong, and all patients successfully built a safety plan. However, the completeness of the safety plan varied. The mean number of steps completed was 5.5 (SD 0.9) out of 6, with 90% (27/30) of participants completing at least 5 steps and 67% (20/30) completing all 6 steps. Some safety planning steps were viewed as inapplicable to some individuals. Some confusion in instructions led to modifications to improve understandability of each step. Ratings of suicide intensity after completion of the application were significantly lower than preratings, pre: mean 5.11 (SD 2.9) versus post: mean 4.46 (SD 3.0), t27=2.49, P=.02. Ratings of ability to cope with suicidal thoughts after completion of the application were higher than preratings, with the difference approaching statistical significance, pre: mean 5.93 (SD 2.9), post: mean 6.64 (SD 2.4), t27=-2.03, P=.05. CONCLUSIONS: We have taken the first step toward identifying the components needed to maximize usability of a self-administered, Web-based safety planning application. Results support initial consideration of the application as an adjunct to clinical contact. This allows for the clinician or other personnel to provide clarification, when needed, to help the patient build the plan, and to help review and revise the draft.
    Source
    J Med Internet Res. 2017 May 15;19(5):e149. doi: 10.2196/jmir.6816. Link to article on publisher's site.
    DOI
    10.2196/jmir.6816
    Permanent Link to this Item
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/29092
    PubMed ID
    28506957
    Related Resources
    Link to Article in PubMed
    Rights
    Copyright Edwin D Boudreaux, Gregory K Brown, Barbara Stanley, Rajani S Sadasivam, Carlos A Camargo Jr, Ivan W Miller. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research, is properly cited.
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.2196/jmir.6816
    Scopus Count
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    UMass Chan Faculty and Researcher Publications
    Emergency Medicine Publications

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