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    Mechanisms governing activity-dependent synaptic pruning in the developing mammalian CNS

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    Authors
    Faust, Travis E.
    Gunner, Georgia
    Schafer, Dorothy P
    Student Authors
    Georgia Gunner
    Academic Program
    Neuroscience
    UMass Chan Affiliations
    Schafer Lab
    Neurobiology
    Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Program
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Publication Date
    2021-11-01
    Keywords
    Cellular neuroscience
    Synaptic development
    Developmental Neuroscience
    Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience
    
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    Link to Full Text
    https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-021-00507-y
    Abstract
    Almost 60 years have passed since the initial discovery by Hubel and Wiesel that changes in neuronal activity can elicit developmental rewiring of the central nervous system (CNS). Over this period, we have gained a more comprehensive picture of how both spontaneous neural activity and sensory experience-induced changes in neuronal activity guide CNS circuit development. Here we review activity-dependent synaptic pruning in the mammalian CNS, which we define as the removal of a subset of synapses, while others are maintained, in response to changes in neural activity in the developing nervous system. We discuss the mounting evidence that immune and cell-death molecules are important mechanistic links by which changes in neural activity guide the pruning of specific synapses, emphasizing the role of glial cells in this process. Finally, we discuss how these developmental pruning programmes may go awry in neurodevelopmental disorders of the human CNS, focusing on autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. Together, our aim is to give an overview of how the field of activity-dependent pruning research has evolved, led to exciting new questions and guided the identification of new, therapeutically relevant mechanisms that result in aberrant circuit development in neurodevelopmental disorders.
    Source

    Faust TE, Gunner G, Schafer DP. Mechanisms governing activity-dependent synaptic pruning in the developing mammalian CNS. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2021 Nov;22(11):657-673. doi: 10.1038/s41583-021-00507-y. Epub 2021 Sep 20. PMID: 34545240; PMCID: PMC8541743. Link to article on publisher's site

    DOI
    10.1038/s41583-021-00507-y
    Permanent Link to this Item
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/29964
    PubMed ID
    34545240
    Related Resources

    Link to Article in PubMed

    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1038/s41583-021-00507-y
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    Morningside GSBS Scholarly Publications
    Neurobiology Student Publications
    UMass Chan Faculty and Researcher Publications
    Neurobiology Faculty Publications

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