Authors
Rane, PallaviCochran, David
Hodge, Steven M.
Haselgrove, Christian
Kennedy, David N.
Frazier, Jean A.
UMass Chan Affiliations
Department of PsychiatryDocument Type
Journal ArticlePublication Date
2015-07-01Keywords
Autism Spectrum DisorderDiffusion Tensor Imaging
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
White Matter
Mental Disorders
Psychiatry
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects 1 in 50 children between the ages of 6 and 17 years. The etiology of ASD is not precisely known. ASD is an umbrella term, which includes both low- (IQ < 70) and high-functioning (IQ > 70) individuals. A better understanding of the disorder and how it manifests in individual subjects can lead to more effective intervention plans to fulfill the individual's treatment needs.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive investigational tool that can be used to study the ways in which the brain develops or deviates from the typical developmental trajectory. MRI offers insights into the structure, function, and metabolism of the brain. In this article, we review published studies on brain connectivity changes in ASD using either resting state functional MRI or diffusion tensor imaging.The general findings of decreases in white matter integrity and in long-range neural coherence are well known in the ASD literature. Nevertheless, the detailed localization of these findings remains uncertain, and few studies link these changes in connectivity with the behavioral phenotype of the disorder. With the help of data sharing and large-scale analytic efforts, however, the field is advancing toward several convergent themes, including the reduced functional coherence of long-range intra-hemispheric cortico-cortical default mode circuitry, impaired inter-hemispheric regulation, and an associated, perhaps compensatory, increase in local and short-range cortico-subcortical coherence.Source
Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2015 Jul-Aug;23(4):223-44. doi: 10.1097/HRP.0000000000000072. Link to article on publisher's siteDOI
10.1097/HRP.0000000000000072Permanent Link to this Item
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/30688PubMed ID
26146755Related Resources
Link to Article in PubMedae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1097/HRP.0000000000000072