The Drosophila Homolog of the Intellectual Disability Gene ACSL4 Acts in Glia to Regulate Morphology and Neuronal Activity: A Dissertation
Authors
Quigley, Caitlin M.Faculty Advisor
Hong-Sheng LiAcademic Program
MD/PhDDocument Type
Doctoral DissertationPublication Date
2016-07-15Keywords
Dissertations, UMMSCoenzyme A Ligases
Developmental Disabilities
Drosophila
Intellectual Disability
Neuroglia
Neurons
Drosophila
intellectual disability
ACSL4
Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities
Developmental Neuroscience
Nervous System Diseases
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Recent developments in neurobiology make it clear that glia play fundamental and active roles, in the adult and in development. Many hereditary cognitive disorders have been linked to developmental defects, and in at least two cases, Rett Syndrome and Fragile X Mental Retardation, glia are important in pathogenesis. However, most studies of developmental disorders, in particular intellectual disability, focus on neuronal defects. An example is intellectual disability caused by mutations in ACSL4, a metabolic enzyme that conjugates long-chain fatty acids to Coenzyme A (CoA). Depleting ACSL4 in neurons is associated with defects in dendritic spines, a finding replicated in patient tissue, but the etiology of this disorder remains unclear. In a genetic screen to discover genes necessary for visual function, I identified the Drosophila homolog of ACSL4, Acsl, as a gene important for the magnitude of neuronal transmission, and found that it is required in glia. I determined that Acsl is required in a specific subtype of glia in the Drosophila optic lobe, and that depletion of Acsl from this population causes morphological defects. I demonstrated that Acsl is required in development, and that the phenotype can be rescued by human ACSL4. Finally, I discovered that ACSL4 is expressed in astrocytes in the mouse hippocampus. This study is highly significant for understanding glial biology and neurodevelopment. It provides information on the role of glia in development, substantiates a novel role for Acsl in glia, and advances our understanding of the potential role that glia play in the pathogenesis of intellectual disability.DOI
10.13028/M2XW27Permanent Link to this Item
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/32211Rights
Copyright is held by the author, with all rights reserved.ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.13028/M2XW27