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    Killing of human melanoma cells induced by activation of class I interferon-regulated signaling pathways via MDA-7/IL-24

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    Authors
    Ekmekcioglu, Suhendan
    Mumm, John B.
    Udtha, Malini
    Chada, Sunil
    Grimm, Elizabeth A.
    UMass Chan Affiliations
    Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
    Department of Experimental Therapeutics
    Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Publication Date
    2008-05-31
    Keywords
    Cell Death; Cell Line; Cell Line, Tumor; Coculture Techniques; Humans; Interferon-alpha; Interferon-beta; Interleukins; Melanoma; Signal Transduction; Up-Regulation
    Life Sciences
    Medicine and Health Sciences
    
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    Link to Full Text
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2008.04.010
    Abstract
    Restoration of the tumor-suppression function by gene transfer of the melanoma differentiation-associated gene 7 (MDA7)/interleukin 24 (IL-24) successfully induces apoptosis in melanoma tumors in vivo. To address the molecular mechanisms involved, we previously revealed that MDA7/IL-24 treatment of melanoma cells down-regulates interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-1 expression and concomitantly up-regulates IRF-2 expression, which competes with the activity of IRF-1 and reverses the induction of IRF-1-regulated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Interferons (IFNs) influence melanoma cell survival by modulating apoptosis. A class I IFN (IFN-alpha) has been approved for the treatment of advanced melanoma with some limited success. A class II IFN (IFN-gamma), on the other hand, supports melanoma cell survival, possibly through constitutive activation of iNOS expression. We therefore conducted this study to explore the molecular pathways of MDA7/IL-24 regulation of apoptosis via the intracellular induction of IFNs in melanoma. We hypothesized that the restoration of the MDA7/IL-24 axis leads to upregulation of class I IFNs and induction of the apoptotic cascade. We found that MDA7/IL-24 induces the secretion of endogenous IFN-beta, another class I IFN, leading to the arrest of melanoma cell growth and apoptosis. We also identified a series of apoptotic markers that play a role in this pathway, including the regulation of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and Fas-FasL. In summary, we described a novel pathway of MDA7/IL-24 regulation of apoptosis in melanoma tumors via endogenous IFN-beta induction followed by IRF regulation and TRAIL/FasL system activation.
    Source
    Cytokine. 2008 Jul;43(1):34-44. Epub 2008 Jun 3. Link to article on publisher's site
    DOI
    10.1016/j.cyto.2008.04.010
    Permanent Link to this Item
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/32957
    PubMed ID
    18511292
    Related Resources
    Link to Article in PubMed
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.cyto.2008.04.010
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