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    Religion and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Among Postmenopausal Women: the Women's Health Initiative

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    MS_1012_3rd_revision_1_26_2011.docx
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    Authors
    Salmoirago Blotcher, Elena
    Fitchett, George
    Ockene, Judith K.
    Schnall, Eliezer
    Crawford, Sybil L.
    Granek, Iris
    Manson, JoAnne
    Ockene, Ira S.
    O'Sullivan, Mary Jo
    Powell, Linda
    Rapp, Stephen
    Show allShow less
    Student Authors
    Elena Salmoirago Blotcher
    UMass Chan Affiliations
    Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine
    Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
    Document Type
    Accepted Manuscript
    Publication Date
    2011-02-08
    Keywords
    Health Behavior; Life Style; Religion; Religion and Medicine; Postmenopause; Middle Aged; Female; Women's Health
    Middle-aged women
    Religion
    Lifestyles
    Health
    Health behaviors
    Community Health and Preventive Medicine
    Health Psychology
    Preventive Medicine
    Psychiatry and Psychology
    Religion
    Women's Health
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    Link to Full Text
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10865-011-9322-z
    Abstract
    Worship attendance has been associated with longer survival in prospective cohort studies. A possible explanation is that religious involvement may promote healthier lifestyle choices. Therefore, we examined whether attendance is associated with healthy behaviors, i.e. use of preventive medicine services, non-smoking, moderate drinking, exercising regularly, and with healthy dietary habits. The population included 71,689 post-menopausal women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative observational study free of chronic diseases at baseline. Attendance and lifestyle behaviors information was collected at baseline using self-administered questionnaires. Healthy behaviors were modeled as a function of attendance using logistic regression. After adjustment for confounders, worship attendance (less than weekly, weekly, and more than weekly vs. never) was positively associated with use of preventive services [OR for mammograms: 1.34 (1.19, 1.51), 1.41 (1.26, 1.57), 1.33 (1.17, 1.52); breast self exams: 1.14 (1.02, 1.27), 1.33 (1.21, 1.48), 1.25 (1.1, 1.43); PAP smears: 1.22 (1.01, 1.47-weekly vs. none)]; non-smoking: [1.41 (1.35, 1.48), 1.76 (1.69, 1.84), 2.27 (2.15, 2.39)]; moderate drinking [1.35 (1.27, 1.45), 1.60 (1.52, 1.7), 2.19 (2.0, 2.4)]; and fiber intake [1.08 (1.03, 1.14), 1.16 (1.11, 1.22), 1.31 (1.23, 1.39), respectively], but not with regular exercise or with lower saturated fat and caloric intake. These findings suggest that worship attendance is associated with certain, but not all, healthy behaviors. Further research is needed to get a deeper understanding of the relationship between religious involvement and healthy lifestyle behaviors and of the inconsistent patterns in this association.
    Source
    J Behav Med. 2011 Oct;34(5):360-71. doi: 10.1007/s10865-011-9322-z. Epub 2011 Feb 8. The final publication is available at www.springerlink.com. Link to article on publisher's website
    DOI
    10.1007/s10865-011-9322-z
    Permanent Link to this Item
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/33126
    PubMed ID
    21301947
    Related Resources
    Link to article in PubMed
    Rights
    This is the authors' peer-reviewed accepted manuscript.
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1007/s10865-011-9322-z
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      Psychological and Social Characteristics Associated with Religiosity in Women's Health Initiative Participants.

      Schnall, Eliezer; Kalkstein, Solomon; Fitchett, George; Salmoirago Blotcher, Elena; Ockene, Judith K.; Tindle, Hilary A; Hunt, Julie R.; Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia; Thomas, Asha (2011-11-09)
      Measures of religiosity are linked to health outcomes, possibly indicating mediating effects of associated psychological and social factors. We examined cross-sectional data from 92,539 postmenopausal participants of the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study who responded to questions on religious service attendance, psychological characteristics, and social support domains. We present odds ratios from multiple logistic regressions controlling for covariates. Women attending services weekly during the past month, compared with those not attending at all in the past month, were less likely to be depressed [OR = 0.78; CI = 0.74-0.83] or characterized by cynical hostility [OR = 0.94; CI = 0.90-0.98], and more likely to be optimistic [OR = 1.22; CI = 1.17-1.26]. They were also more likely to report overall positive social support [OR = 1.28; CI = 1.24-1.33], as well as social support of four subtypes (emotional/informational support, affection support, tangible support, and positive social interaction), and were less likely to report social strain [OR = 0.91; CI = 0.88-0.94]. However, those attending more or less than weekly were not less likely to be characterized by cynical hostility, nor were they less likely to report social strain, compared to those not attending during the past month.
    • Thumbnail

      Frequency of Private Spiritual Activity and Cardiovascular Risk in Post-menopausal Women: The Women's Health Initiative

      Salmoirago Blotcher, Elena; Fitchett, George; Hovey, Kathleen M; Schnall, Eliezer; Thomson, Cynthia; Andrews, Christopher A; Crawford, Sybil; O'Sullivan, Mary Jo; Post, Stephen; Chlebowski, Rowan T.; et al. (2013-05-01)
      Purpose: Spirituality has been associated with better cardiac autonomic balance, but its association with cardiovascular risk is not well studied. We examined whether more frequent private spiritual activity was associated with reduced cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women enrolled in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study. Methods: Frequency of private spiritual activity (prayer, Bible reading, and meditation) was selfreported at year 5 of follow-up. Cardiovascular outcomes were centrally adjudicated, and cardiovascular risk was estimated from proportional hazards models. Results: Final models included 43,708 women (mean age: 68.9±7.3; median follow-up: 7.0 years) free of cardiac disease through year 5 of follow-up. In age-adjusted models private spiritual activity was associated with increased cardiovascular risk (HR: 1.16; CI 1.02, 1.31, weekly vs. never; 1.25; CI 1.11, 1.40, daily vs. never). In multivariate models adjusted for demographics, lifestyle, risk factors, and psychosocial factors, such association remained significant only in the group with daily activity (HR 1.16; CI: 1.03, 1.30). Subgroup analyses indicate this association may be driven by the presence of severe chronic diseases. Conclusion: In aging women, higher frequency of private spiritual activity was associated with increased cardiovascular risk, likely reflecting a mobilization of spiritual resources in order to cope with aging and illness.
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      Barriers and opportunities for early detection of breast cancer in Gaza women

      Shaheen, R.; Slanetz, P. J.; Raza, S.; Rosen, Max P. (2011-04-11)
      A survey of 100 women living inside Gaza (WIG) and 55 Gaza women residing outside Gaza (WOG) was conducted to investigate barriers and opportunities for breast cancer screening, and to better understand possible differences based on residency. The survey found that over 90% of both groups were willing to undergo a diagnostic mammogram for a breast complaint and 86% of WIG and 85% of WOG believed survival was increased with early detection. However, only 27% of WIG and 50% WOG were willing to undergo screening mammography. Religion and culture were not barriers to mammography for over 94% of WIG and 98% of WOG. Limited resources and lack of access to medical facilities were identified as barriers in up to 55% of WIG compared to 15% of WOG. Misconceptions about breast cancer were reported more frequently by WIG, including beliefs that breast cancer is not very common and that breast cancer can be contagious.
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