A chromatin landmark and transcription initiation at most promoters in human cells
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UMass Chan Affiliations
Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesDocument Type
Journal ArticlePublication Date
2007-07-17Keywords
Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Chromatin; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; DNA Methylation; Embryonic Stem Cells; Gene Expression Regulation; Histones; Humans; Lysine; Multigene Family; Nucleosomes; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; *Promoter Regions (Genetics); RNA Polymerase II; *Transcription Initiation Site; *Transcription, GeneticLife Sciences
Medicine and Health Sciences
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We describe the results of a genome-wide analysis of human cells that suggests that most protein-coding genes, including most genes thought to be transcriptionally inactive, experience transcription initiation. We found that nucleosomes with H3K4me3 and H3K9,14Ac modifications, together with RNA polymerase II, occupy the promoters of most protein-coding genes in human embryonic stem cells. Only a subset of these genes produce detectable full-length transcripts and are occupied by nucleosomes with H3K36me3 modifications, a hallmark of elongation. The other genes experience transcription initiation but show no evidence of elongation, suggesting that they are predominantly regulated at postinitiation steps. Genes encoding most developmental regulators fall into this group. Our results also identify a class of genes that are excluded from experiencing transcription initiation, at which mechanisms that prevent initiation must predominate. These observations extend to differentiated cells, suggesting that transcription initiation at most genes is a general phenomenon in human cells.Source
Cell. 2007 Jul 13;130(1):77-88. Link to article on publisher's siteDOI
10.1016/j.cell.2007.05.042Permanent Link to this Item
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/33763PubMed ID
17632057Related Resources
Link to Article in PubMedae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1016/j.cell.2007.05.042