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    Reemergence of Intravenous Drug Use as Risk Factor for Candidemia, Massachusetts, USA

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    Authors
    Poowanawittayakom, Nongnooch
    Dutta, Anamika
    Stock, Shannon
    Touray, Sunkaru
    Ellison, Richard T. III
    Levitz, Stuart M.
    UMass Chan Affiliations
    Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Publication Date
    2018-04-01
    Keywords
    candidemia
    candidiasis
    Candida albicans
    intravenous substance abuse
    heroin
    endocarditis
    fungi
    fungal infections
    Massachusetts
    United States
    Bacterial Infections and Mycoses
    Immunology and Infectious Disease
    Infectious Disease
    Substance Abuse and Addiction
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    Link to Full Text
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5875264/
    Abstract
    The epidemic of illicit intravenous drug use (IVDU) in the United States has been accompanied by a surge in drug overdose deaths and infectious sequelae. Candida albicans infections were associated with injection of contaminated impure brown heroin in the 1970s-1990s; however, candidiasis accompanying IVDU became considerably rarer as the purity of the heroin supply increased. We reviewed cases of candidemia occurring over a recent 7-year period in persons > 14 years of age at a tertiary care hospital in central Massachusetts. Of the 198 patients with candidemia, 24 cases occurred in patients with a history of IVDU. Compared with non-IVDU patients, those with a history of IVDU were more likely to have non-albicans Candida, be co-infected with hepatitis C, and have end-organ involvement, including endocarditis and osteomyelitis. Thus, IVDU appears to be reemerging as a risk factor for invasive candidiasis.
    Source

    Poowanawittayakom N, Dutta A, Stock S, Touray S, Ellison RT 3rd, Levitz SM. Reemergence of Intravenous Drug Use as Risk Factor for Candidemia, Massachusetts, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2018 Apr;24(4):631–7. doi: 10.3201/eid2404.171807. PMID: 29553923; PMCID: PMC5875264. Link to article on publisher's site

    DOI
    10.3201/eid2404.171807
    Permanent Link to this Item
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/35180
    PubMed ID
    29553923
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    Link to Article in PubMed

    Rights
    Emerging Infectious Diseases is published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a U.S. Government agency. Therefore, materials published in Emerging Infectious Diseases, including text, figures, tables, and photographs are in the public domain and can be reprinted or used without permission with proper citation.
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    10.3201/eid2404.171807
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