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dc.contributor.authorZhu, Haisun
dc.contributor.authorGegear, Robert J.
dc.contributor.authorCasselman, Amy L.
dc.contributor.authorKanginakudru, Sriramana
dc.contributor.authorReppert, Steven M.
dc.date2022-08-11T08:09:39.000
dc.date.accessioned2022-08-23T16:38:40Z
dc.date.available2022-08-23T16:38:40Z
dc.date.issued2009-03-31
dc.date.submitted2010-03-26
dc.identifier.citationBMC Biol. 2009 Mar 31;7:14. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1741-7007-7-14">Link to article on publisher's site</a>
dc.identifier.issn1741-7007 (Linking)
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/1741-7007-7-14
dc.identifier.pmid19335876
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/39297
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: In the fall, Eastern North American monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) undergo a magnificent long-range migration. In contrast to spring and summer butterflies, fall migrants are juvenile hormone deficient, which leads to reproductive arrest and increased longevity. Migrants also use a time-compensated sun compass to help them navigate in the south/southwesterly direction en route for Mexico. Central issues in this area are defining the relationship between juvenile hormone status and oriented flight, critical features that differentiate summer monarchs from fall migrants, and identifying molecular correlates of behavioral state. RESULTS: Here we show that increasing juvenile hormone activity to induce summer-like reproductive development in fall migrants does not alter directional flight behavior or its time-compensated orientation, as monitored in a flight simulator. Reproductive summer butterflies, in contrast, uniformly fail to exhibit directional, oriented flight. To define molecular correlates of behavioral state, we used microarray analysis of 9417 unique cDNA sequences. Gene expression profiles reveal a suite of 40 genes whose differential expression in brain correlates with oriented flight behavior in individual migrants, independent of juvenile hormone activity, thereby molecularly separating fall migrants from summer butterflies. Intriguing genes that are differentially regulated include the clock gene vrille and the locomotion-relevant tyramine beta hydroxylase gene. In addition, several differentially regulated genes (37.5% of total) are not annotated. We also identified 23 juvenile hormone-dependent genes in brain, which separate reproductive from non-reproductive monarchs; genes involved in longevity, fatty acid metabolism, and innate immunity are upregulated in non-reproductive (juvenile-hormone deficient) migrants. CONCLUSION: The results link key behavioral traits with gene expression profiles in brain that differentiate migratory from summer butterflies and thus show that seasonal changes in genomic function help define the migratory state.
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.relation<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&list_uids=19335876&dopt=Abstract">Link to Article in PubMed</a>
dc.relation.urlhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1741-7007-7-14
dc.rights<p>© Zhu et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2009. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (<a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0</a>), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</p>
dc.subjectAnimal Migration
dc.subjectAnimals
dc.subjectBehavior, Animal
dc.subjectBrain
dc.subjectButterflies
dc.subjectFemale
dc.subjectFlight, Animal
dc.subjectGene Expression Regulation
dc.subjectJuvenile Hormones
dc.subjectMale
dc.subjectMethoprene
dc.subjectProtein Array Analysis
dc.subject*Seasons
dc.subjectSexual Behavior, Animal
dc.subjectNeuroscience and Neurobiology
dc.titleDefining behavioral and molecular differences between summer and migratory monarch butterflies
dc.typeJournal Article
dc.source.journaltitleBMC biology
dc.source.volume7
dc.identifier.legacyfulltexthttps://escholarship.umassmed.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3096&amp;context=oapubs&amp;unstamped=1
dc.identifier.legacycoverpagehttps://escholarship.umassmed.edu/oapubs/2097
dc.identifier.contextkey1246899
refterms.dateFOA2022-08-23T16:38:40Z
html.description.abstract<p>BACKGROUND: In the fall, Eastern North American monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) undergo a magnificent long-range migration. In contrast to spring and summer butterflies, fall migrants are juvenile hormone deficient, which leads to reproductive arrest and increased longevity. Migrants also use a time-compensated sun compass to help them navigate in the south/southwesterly direction en route for Mexico. Central issues in this area are defining the relationship between juvenile hormone status and oriented flight, critical features that differentiate summer monarchs from fall migrants, and identifying molecular correlates of behavioral state.</p> <p>RESULTS: Here we show that increasing juvenile hormone activity to induce summer-like reproductive development in fall migrants does not alter directional flight behavior or its time-compensated orientation, as monitored in a flight simulator. Reproductive summer butterflies, in contrast, uniformly fail to exhibit directional, oriented flight. To define molecular correlates of behavioral state, we used microarray analysis of 9417 unique cDNA sequences. Gene expression profiles reveal a suite of 40 genes whose differential expression in brain correlates with oriented flight behavior in individual migrants, independent of juvenile hormone activity, thereby molecularly separating fall migrants from summer butterflies. Intriguing genes that are differentially regulated include the clock gene vrille and the locomotion-relevant tyramine beta hydroxylase gene. In addition, several differentially regulated genes (37.5% of total) are not annotated. We also identified 23 juvenile hormone-dependent genes in brain, which separate reproductive from non-reproductive monarchs; genes involved in longevity, fatty acid metabolism, and innate immunity are upregulated in non-reproductive (juvenile-hormone deficient) migrants.</p> <p>CONCLUSION: The results link key behavioral traits with gene expression profiles in brain that differentiate migratory from summer butterflies and thus show that seasonal changes in genomic function help define the migratory state.</p>
dc.identifier.submissionpathoapubs/2097
dc.contributor.departmentReppert Lab
dc.contributor.departmentNeurobiology
dc.source.pages14


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