Impact of pharmacogenomics on clinical outcomes in major depressive disorder in the GUIDED trial: A large, patient- and rater-blinded, randomized, controlled study
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UMass Chan Affiliations
Department of PsychiatryDocument Type
Journal ArticlePublication Date
2019-04-01Keywords
major depressive disorderpharmacogenomics
Health Services Administration
Health Services Research
Medical Pharmacology
Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics
Mental and Social Health
Mental Disorders
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Psychiatry
Therapeutics
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Current prescribing practices for major depressive disorder (MDD) produce limited treatment success. Although pharmacogenomics may improve outcomes by identifying genetically inappropriate medications, studies to date were limited in scope. Outpatients (N=1167) diagnosed with MDD and with a patient- or clinician-reported inadequate response to at least one antidepressant were enrolled in the Genomics Used to Improve DEpression Decisions (GUIDED) trial - a rater- and patient-blind randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomized to treatment as usual (TAU) or a pharmacogenomics-guided intervention arm in which clinicians had access to a pharmacogenomic test report to inform medication selections (guided-care). Medications were considered congruent ('use as directed' or 'use with caution' test categories) or incongruent ('use with increased caution and with more frequent monitoring' test category) with test results. Unblinding occurred after week 8. Primary outcome was symptom improvement [change in 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D17)] at week 8; secondary outcomes were response ( > /=50% decrease in HAM-D17) and remission (HAM-D17 < /=7) at week 8. At week 8, symptom improvement for guided-care was not significantly different than TAU (27.2% versus 24.4%, p=0.107); however, improvements in response (26.0% versus 19.9%, p=0.013) and remission (15.3% versus 10.1%, p=0.007) were statistically significant. Patients taking incongruent medications prior to baseline who switched to congruent medications by week 8 experienced greater symptom improvement (33.5% versus 21.1%, p=0.002), response (28.5% versus 16.7%, p=0.036), and remission (21.5% versus 8.5%, p=0.007) compared to those remaining incongruent. Pharmacogenomic testing did not significantly improve mean symptoms but did significantly improve response and remission rates for difficult-to-treat depression patients over standard of care (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02109939).Source
J Psychiatr Res. 2019 Apr;111:59-67. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.01.003. Epub 2019 Jan 4. Link to article on publisher's site
DOI
10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.01.003Permanent Link to this Item
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/41039PubMed ID
30677646Notes
Full author list omitted for brevity. For the full list of authors, see article.
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This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY-NC-ND/4.0/).Distribution License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.01.003
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY-NC-ND/4.0/).