The capacity of origins to load MCM establishes replication timing patterns
UMass Chan Affiliations
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular PharmacologyDocument Type
Journal ArticlePublication Date
2021-03-25Keywords
AuxinsSynthesis phase
DNA replication
Genomic signal processing
Hyperexpression techniques
Stoichiometry
Genomics
Helicases
Cell and Developmental Biology
Genetics and Genomics
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Loading of the MCM replicative helicase at origins of replication is a highly regulated process that precedes DNA replication in all eukaryotes. The stoichiometry of MCM loaded at origins has been proposed to be a key determinant of when those origins initiate replication during S phase. Nevertheless, the genome-wide regulation of MCM loading stoichiometry and its direct effect on replication timing remain unclear. In order to investigate why some origins load more MCM than others, we perturbed MCM levels in budding yeast cells and, for the first time, directly measured MCM levels and replication timing in the same experiment. Reduction of MCM levels through degradation of Mcm4, one of the six obligate components of the MCM complex, slowed progression through S phase and increased sensitivity to replication stress. Reduction of MCM levels also led to differential loading at origins during G1, revealing origins that are sensitive to reductions in MCM and others that are not. Sensitive origins loaded less MCM under normal conditions and correlated with a weak ability to recruit the origin recognition complex (ORC). Moreover, reduction of MCM loading at specific origins of replication led to a delay in their replication during S phase. In contrast, overexpression of MCM had no effects on cell cycle progression, relative MCM levels at origins, or replication timing, suggesting that, under optimal growth conditions, cellular MCM levels are not limiting for MCM loading. Our results support a model in which the loading capacity of origins is the primary determinant of MCM stoichiometry in wild-type cells, but that stoichiometry is controlled by origins' ability to recruit ORC and compete for MCM when MCM becomes limiting.Source
Dukaj L, Rhind N. The capacity of origins to load MCM establishes replication timing patterns. PLoS Genet. 2021 Mar 25;17(3):e1009467. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009467. PMID: 33764973; PMCID: PMC8023499. Link to article on publisher's site
DOI
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009467Permanent Link to this Item
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/41853PubMed ID
33764973Related Resources
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Copyright © 2021 Dukaj, Rhind. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Distribution License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1371/journal.pgen.1009467
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Copyright © 2021 Dukaj, Rhind. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.