We are upgrading the repository! A content freeze is in effect until December 6, 2024. New submissions or changes to existing items will not be allowed during this period. All content already published will remain publicly available for searching and downloading. Updates will be posted in the Website Upgrade 2024 FAQ in the sidebar Help menu. Reach out to escholarship@umassmed.edu with any questions.
The effect of valgus/varus malalignment on load distribution in total knee replacements
Name:
Publisher version
View Source
Access full-text PDFOpen Access
View Source
Check access options
Check access options
UMass Chan Affiliations
Department of Orthopedics and Physical RehabilitationDocument Type
Journal ArticlePublication Date
2005-02-16Keywords
Arthroplasty, Replacement, KneeCadaver
Equipment Failure Analysis
Humans
Knee Joint
Pressure
*Range of Motion, Articular
Reproducibility of Results
Sensitivity and Specificity
Stress, Mechanical
Treatment Outcome
*Weight-Bearing
Orthopedics
Rehabilitation and Therapy
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Valgus or varus malpositioning of the tibial component of a total knee implant may cause increased propensity for loosening or implant wear and eventually may lead to revision surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of valgus/varus malalignment on tibio-femoral mechanics during surgical trial reduction and simulated gait loading. In seven cadaver legs, posterior cruciate sparing total knee replacements were implanted and tibial inserts representing a neutral alignment and 3 degrees and 5 degrees varus and valgus alignments were sequentially inserted. Each knee with each insert was loaded in a manner representative of a trial reduction performed during knee surgery and loaded in a physiological knee simulator. Simulated gait performed on the simulator demonstrated that internal/external and adduction/abduction rotations showed statistical changes with some of the angled inserts at different points in the walking cycle. Neither medial/lateral nor anterior/posterior translations changed statistically during simulated walking. The pressure distribution and total load in the medial and lateral compartments of the tibial component changed significantly with as little as a 3 degrees variation in angulation when loaded in a manner representative of a trial reduction or with a knee simulator. These results support the need for precise surgical reconstruction of the mechanical axis of the knee and proper alignment of the tibial component. These results further demonstrate that tibial contact pressures measured during a trial reduction method may be predictive of contact mechanics at the higher loading seen in the knee simulator.Source
J Biomech. 2005 Feb;38(2):349-55. Link to article on publisher's siteDOI
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.02.024Permanent Link to this Item
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/43048PubMed ID
15598463Related Resources
Link to Article in PubMedae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.02.024