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    Existing capacity to manage pharmaceuticals and related commodities in East Africa: an assessment with specific reference to antiretroviral therapy

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    Authors
    Waako, Paul J.
    Odoi-adome, Richard
    Obua, Celestino
    Owino, Erisa
    Tumwikirize, Winnie
    Ogwal-Okeng, Jasper
    Anokbonggo, Willy W.
    Matowe, Lloyd
    Aupont, Onesky
    UMass Chan Affiliations
    Department of Pediatrics
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Publication Date
    2009-03-01
    Keywords
    Pharmacy Administration
    Drug and Narcotic Control
    Pediatrics
    Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
    
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    Abstract
    BACKGROUND: East African countries have in the recent past experienced a tremendous increase in the volume of antiretroviral drugs. Capacity to manage these medicines in the region remains limited. Makerere University, with technical assistance from the USAID supported Rational Pharmaceutical Management Plus (RPM Plus) Program of Management Sciences for Health (MSH) established a network of academic institutions to build capacity for pharmaceutical management in the East African region. The initiative includes institutions from Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya and Rwanda and aims to improve access to safe, effective and quality-assured medicines for the treatment of HIV/AIDS, TB and Malaria through spearheading in-country capacity. The initiative conducted a regional assessment to determine the existing capacity for the management of antiretroviral drugs and related commodities. METHODS: Heads and implementing workers of fifty HIV/AIDS programs and institutions accredited to offer antiretroviral services in Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Rwanda were key informants in face-to-face interviews guided by structured questionnaires. The assessment explored categories of health workers involved in the management of ARVs, their knowledge and practices in selection, quantification, distribution and use of ARVs, nature of existing training programs, training preferences and resources for capacity building. RESULTS: Inadequate human resource capacity including, inability to select, quantify and distribute ARVs and related commodities, and irrational prescribing and dispensing were some of the problems identified. A competence gap existed in all the four countries with a variety of healthcare professionals involved in the supply and distribution of ARVs. Training opportunities and resources for capacity development were limited particularly for workers in remote facilities. On-the-job training and short courses were the preferred modes of training. CONCLUSION: There is inadequate capacity for managing medicines and related commodities in East Africa. There is an urgent need for training in aspects of pharmaceutical management to different categories of health workers. Skills building activities that do not take healthcare workers from their places of work are preferred.
    Source

    Hum Resour Health. 2009 Mar 9;7:21. Link to article on publisher's site

    DOI
    10.1186/1478-4491-7-21
    Permanent Link to this Item
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/43868
    PubMed ID
    19272134
    Related Resources
    Link to Article in PubMed
    Rights

    © 2009 Waako et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1186/1478-4491-7-21
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