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    Increased basal activity of the HPA axis and renin-angiotensin system in congenital learned helpless rats exposed to stress early in development

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    Authors
    Edwards, Emmeline
    King, Jean A.
    Fray, John
    UMass Chan Affiliations
    Department of Physiology
    Department of Psychiatry
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Publication Date
    1999-12-11
    Keywords
    Animals
    Animals, Newborn
    Animals, Suckling
    Cold Temperature
    Corticosterone
    Electroshock
    Female
    *Helplessness, Learned
    Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System
    Male
    Maternal Deprivation
    Pregnancy
    Rats
    Rats, Inbred Strains
    Renin
    Renin-Angiotensin System
    Stress, Physiological
    Mental and Social Health
    Neuroscience and Neurobiology
    Psychiatric and Mental Health
    Psychiatry
    Psychiatry and Psychology
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    Link to Full Text
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0736-5748(99)00062-3
    Abstract
    Learned helpless behavior has been successfully bred in rats and designated as a genetic animal model of human depression and/or anxiety. Since congenital learned helpless animals have an impaired stress response in adulthood, we examined the effects of early stressors (at postnatal day 7, 14 or 21) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the renin-angiotensin system. The functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis was monitored through changes in corticosterone plasma levels in the adult animals after acute exposure to cold stress and maternal deprivation early in development. Renin-angiotensin system functioning was assessed by plasma renin activity. Unstressed congenital learned helpless rats had corticosterone levels that were similar to control animals (congenital non-learned helpless rats not stressed during development), but unstressed plasma renin activity levels of congenital learned helpless rats were lower than congenital non-learned helpless rats. There was a step-wise increase in corticosterone plasma levels in the congenital learned helpless rats with age of acute presentation of either cold stress or maternal deprivation stress (day 7, 49%; day 14, 84%; and day 21, 543% for cold stress). However, these baseline corticosterone levels were significantly lower in congenital learned helpless rats compared to congenital non-learned helpless controls. Similarly, in response to early exposure to cold stress and maternal deprivation, there was an increase in plasma renin activity levels of congenital learned helpless rats with age of presentation to either stressors. However, this increase in plasma renin activity levels was not evident in congenital non-learned helpless controls. Taken together, these results suggest that exposure to stress early in development has long-term effects on both the hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal axis and the renin-angiotensin system, two neuroendocrine indicators of stress responsivity.
    Source
    Int J Dev Neurosci. 1999 Dec;17(8):805-12.
    Permanent Link to this Item
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/45020
    PubMed ID
    10593616
    Related Resources
    Link to Article in PubMed
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    UMass Chan Faculty and Researcher Publications

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