Applicability of the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence in smokers with schizophrenia
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UMass Chan Affiliations
Department of PsychiatryDocument Type
Journal ArticlePublication Date
2004-11-25Keywords
AdultBreath Tests
Carbon Monoxide
Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry)
Factor Analysis, Statistical
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
*Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Reproducibility of Results
*Schizophrenic Psychology
Tobacco Use Disorder
Psychiatry
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Show full item recordAbstract
Up to 90% of individuals with schizophrenia smoke cigarettes, and many show signs of heavy dependence. Although the severity of nicotine dependence is often measured by the six-item Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), this measure, in its current form, may not be as appropriate in this population--or in others who's smoking is regulated by others--as in the general population due to differences in smoking patterns, living arrangements, and daily routines. These factors may produce an underestimate of nicotine dependence, which may have clinical implications for successful medical detoxification if the FTND scores are used to guide the dosage of nicotine replacement medication. Data indicate poor internal consistency reliability (alpha=.4581) and a factor pattern lacking simple structure (i.e., two nonmeaningful factors/components with substantial cross loadings) when administered to smokers with schizophrenia. Specific examples of problematic items and how these may contribute to an underestimate of tobacco dependence severity are discussed, as well as ways to modify the FTND to be more appropriate for this population.Source
Addict Behav. 2005 Jan;30(1):49-59. Link to article on publisher's siteDOI
10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.04.012Permanent Link to this Item
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/45664PubMed ID
15561448Related Resources
Link to Article in PubMedae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.04.012