Anatomic brain magnetic resonance imaging of the basal ganglia in pediatric bipolar disorder
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Authors
Ahn, Mary S.Breeze, Janis L.
Makris, Nikos
Kennedy, David N.
Hodge, Steven M.
Herbert, Martha R.
Seidman, Larry J.
Biederman, Joseph
Caviness, Verne S. Jr.
Frazier, Jean A.
UMass Chan Affiliations
Department of PsychiatryDocument Type
Journal ArticlePublication Date
2007-12-29Keywords
AdolescentBasal Ganglia
Bipolar Disorder
Caudate Nucleus
Child
Cognition Disorders
Female
Globus Pallidus
Humans
*Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Neuropsychological Tests
Nucleus Accumbens
Putamen
Psychiatry
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
BACKGROUND: Basal ganglia (BG) enlargement has been found in studies of adults with bipolar disorder (BPD), while the few studies of BPD youths have had mixed findings. The BG (caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, nucleus accumbens) is interconnected with limbic and prefrontal cortical structures and therefore may be implicated in BPD. METHODS: Sixty-eight youths (46 with BPD, 22 healthy controls) received neurological and psychiatric assessment, semi-structured interviews, and neuropsychological testing, followed by anatomic magnetic resonance imaging on a 1.5 Tesla scanner. After image segmentation, log BG volumes and asymmetry indices were analyzed using MANOVAs controlling for the effects of cerebral volume, age, sex, and diagnosis. These omnibus tests were followed by univariate linear regression models of each BG structure. RESULTS: Youths with BPD had a trend for larger right nucleus accumbens (NA) volumes (p = 0.089). There were no significant group asymmetry differences, nor volume differences in the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus. When analyzed separately by pubertal status, the prepubertal group had significantly larger total NA (p = 0.035) versus healthy controls, while the pubertal group did not show significant differences in the NA versus healthy controls. LIMITATIONS: The size of the control group is relatively small, possibly limiting our power to detect significant group differences. The inter-rater reliability for the NA is not as strong as the other structures; the finding of volume differences in this structure is preliminary and warrants replication. CONCLUSIONS: Youths with BPD had larger right NA volumes; this enlargement was most pronounced in the prepubertal group. The differences between these findings and those seen in adult BPD imply a neurodevelopmental phenomenon.Source
J Affect Disord. 2007 Dec;104(1-3):147-54. Epub 2007 May 29. Link to article on publisher's siteDOI
10.1016/j.jad.2007.04.015Permanent Link to this Item
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/45884PubMed ID
17532475Related Resources
Link to Article in PubMedae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1016/j.jad.2007.04.015