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    Childhood-onset schizophrenia: an NIMH study in progress

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    Authors
    Gordon, Charles T.
    Frazier, Jean A.
    McKenna, Kathleen
    Giedd, Jay N.
    Zametkin, A. J.
    Zahn, Theodore P.
    Hommer, Daniel W.
    Hong, Walter L.
    Kaysen, Debra
    Albus, K. E.
    UMass Chan Affiliations
    Department of Psychiatry
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Publication Date
    1994-01-01
    Keywords
    Adolescent
    Brain
    Brain Mapping
    Child
    Clozapine
    Diagnostic Imaging
    Double-Blind Method
    Female
    Follow-Up Studies
    Haloperidol
    Humans
    Male
    National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.)
    Neuropsychological Tests
    Pursuit, Smooth
    Reaction Time
    Schizophrenia, Childhood
    United States
    Psychiatry
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    Link to Full Text
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/20.4.697
    Abstract
    An ongoing study of the phenomenology, genetics, neuropsychology, physiology (eye tracking, autonomic responsivity), neuroimaging, biochemistry, and pharmacology of childhood-onset schizophrenia is described, and pilot data are presented for the first 22 subjects. Differentiation from autism "spectrum" disorders and other poorly defined, severe neurodevelopmental disorders is needed. Eye tracking and autonomic results are similar to patterns seen in later-onset schizophrenia and possibly more striking. Magnetic resonance imaging showed larger left frontal ventricular horn area for the schizophrenia subjects, larger left caudate, and lack of normal caudate asymmetry. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography during an auditory continuous performance task revealed decreased right parietal/occipital glucose metabolic rate in the schizophrenia subjects, which may be secondary to poor attentional performance, and increased glucose metabolic rate in three left frontal regions, a left parietal region, and the right putamen. Clozapine has been effective and well tolerated in an open trial with 12 adolescents who responded poorly to typical neuroleptics; 16 subjects have been enrolled in a double-blind comparison of haloperidol and clozapine. Longitudinal study of this narrowly defined and possibly more homogeneous group of very early-onset schizophrenia subjects will be relevant to current neurodevelopmental theories addressing the role of puberty, progression of pathology, and continuity or discontinuity with later-onset schizophrenia.
    Source
    Schizophr Bull. 1994;20(4):697-712. doi: 10.1093/schbul/20.4.697
    DOI
    10.1093/schbul/20.4.697
    Permanent Link to this Item
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/45912
    PubMed ID
    7701277
    Related Resources
    Link to Article in PubMed
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1093/schbul/20.4.697
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