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    Long-term influence of normal variation in neonatal characteristics on human brain development

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    Authors
    Walhovd, Kristine Beate
    Fjell, Anders M.
    Brown, Timothy T.
    Kuperman, Joshua M.
    Chung, Yoonho
    Hagler, Donald J. Jr.
    Roddey, J. Cooper
    Erhart, Matthew
    McCabe, Connor
    Akshoomoff, Natacha
    Amaral, David G.
    Bloss, Cinnamon S.
    Libiger, Ondrej
    Schork, Nicholas J.
    Darst, Burcu F.
    Casey, B. J.
    Chang, Linda
    Ernst, Thomas M.
    Frazier, Jean A.
    Gruen, Jeffrey R.
    Kaufmann, Walter E.
    Murray, Sarah S.
    van Zijl, Peter
    Mostofsky, Stewart
    Dale, Anders
    Pediatric Imaging, Neurocognition, and Genetics Study
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    UMass Chan Affiliations
    Department of Psychiatry
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Publication Date
    2012-12-04
    Keywords
    Adolescent
    Age Factors
    Birth Weight
    Brain
    Child
    Female
    Fetal Development
    Humans
    Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
    Infant, Newborn
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    Male
    Organ Size
    Regression Analysis
    Sex Factors
    Socioeconomic Factors
    United States
    Young Adult
    Neurology
    Neuroscience and Neurobiology
    Pediatrics
    Psychiatry
    Psychiatry and Psychology
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    Link to Full Text
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1208180109
    Abstract
    It is now recognized that a number of cognitive, behavioral, and mental health outcomes across the lifespan can be traced to fetal development. Although the direct mediation is unknown, the substantial variance in fetal growth, most commonly indexed by birth weight, may affect lifespan brain development. We investigated effects of normal variance in birth weight on MRI-derived measures of brain development in 628 healthy children, adolescents, and young adults in the large-scale multicenter Pediatric Imaging, Neurocognition, and Genetics study. This heterogeneous sample was recruited through geographically dispersed sites in the United States. The influence of birth weight on cortical thickness, surface area, and striatal and total brain volumes was investigated, controlling for variance in age, sex, household income, and genetic ancestry factors. Birth weight was found to exert robust positive effects on regional cortical surface area in multiple regions as well as total brain and caudate volumes. These effects were continuous across birth weight ranges and ages and were not confined to subsets of the sample. The findings show that (i) aspects of later child and adolescent brain development are influenced at birth and (ii) relatively small differences in birth weight across groups and conditions typically compared in neuropsychiatric research (e.g., Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, schizophrenia, and personality disorders) may influence group differences observed in brain parameters of interest at a later stage in life. These findings should serve to increase our attention to early influences.
    Source
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Dec 4;109(49):20089-94. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1208180109. Link to article on publisher's site
    DOI
    10.1073/pnas.1208180109
    Permanent Link to this Item
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/46079
    PubMed ID
    23169628
    Related Resources
    Link to Article in PubMed
    Rights
    Publisher PDF posted as allowed by the publisher's author rights policy at http://www.pnas.org/site/aboutpnas/authorfaq.xhtml.
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1073/pnas.1208180109
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