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    Evaluating Longitudinal Associations Between Depressive Symptoms, Smoking, and Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease in the CARDIA Study

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    Authors
    Carroll, Allison J.
    Huffman, Mark D.
    Zhao, Lihui
    Jacobs, David R. Jr.
    Stewart, Jesse C.
    Kiefe, Catarina I.
    Liu, Kiang
    Hitsman, Brian
    UMass Chan Affiliations
    Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Publication Date
    2019-05-01
    Keywords
    cardiovascular disease
    depression
    endothelial dysfunction
    inflammation
    oxidative stress
    smoking
    Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms
    Cardiovascular Diseases
    Epidemiology
    Health Services Research
    Mental Disorders
    Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms
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    Link to Full Text
    https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000667
    Abstract
    OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate associations between 15-year trajectories of co-occurring depressive symptoms and smoking with biomarkers of cardiovascular disease at year 15. METHODS: In the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study, we modeled trajectories of depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale [CES-D]) and smoking (cigarettes per day [CPD]) among 3614 adults followed from year 0 (ages 18-30 years) through year 15 (ages 33-45 years). Biomarkers of inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein), oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, F2-isoprostanes), and endothelial dysfunction (soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1, soluble P-selectin) were assessed at year 15. We conducted separate linear regression analyses with CES-D trajectory, CPD trajectory, and their interaction with each of the five biomarkers. RESULTS: The sample was 56% women, 47% black, and 40 years old on average at year 15. The CES-D trajectory by CPD trajectory interaction was not associated with any of the biomarkers (all p's > .01). Removing the interaction term, CES-D trajectory was associated with inflammation: higher levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were observed in the subthreshold (beta = 0.57, p = .004) and increasing depressive symptoms (beta = 1.36, p < .001) trajectories compared with the no depression trajectory. CPD trajectory was associated with oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction: compared with never smokers, heavy smokers had significantly higher levels of F2-isoprostanes (beta = 6.20, p = .001), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (beta = 24.98, p < .001), and soluble P-selectin (beta = 2.91, p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Co-occurring depressive symptoms and smoking do not seem to synergistically convey risk for cardiovascular disease via processes of inflammation, oxidative stress, or endothelial dysfunction. Nonetheless, these results advance our understanding of the complex relationships between modifiable risk factors and chronic disease.
    Source

    Psychosom Med. 2019 May;81(4):372-379. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000000667. Link to article on publisher's site

    DOI
    10.1097/PSY.0000000000000667
    Permanent Link to this Item
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/46812
    PubMed ID
    30624288
    Related Resources

    Link to Article in PubMed

    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1097/PSY.0000000000000667
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    Population and Quantitative Health Sciences Publications

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