Luzuriaga, KatherineBryson, Yvonne J.Krogstad, Paul A.Robinson, James E.Stechenberg, BarbaraLamson, MichaelCort, SusannahSullivan, John L.2022-08-232022-08-231997-05-082009-04-02N Engl J Med. 1997 May 8;336(19):1343-9.0028-4793 (Print)9134874https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/38846BACKGROUND: In infants and children with maternally acquired human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, treatment with a single antiretroviral agent has limited efficacy. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a three-drug regimen in a small group of maternally infected infants. METHODS: Zidovudine, didanosine, and nevirapine were administered in combination orally to eight infants 2 to 16 months of age. The efficacy of antiretroviral treatment was evaluated by serial measurements of plasma HIV-1 RNA, quantitative plasma cultures, and quantitative cultures of peripheral-blood mononuclear cells. RESULTS: The three-drug regimen was well tolerated, without clinically important adverse events. Within four weeks, there were reductions in plasma levels of HIV-1 RNA of at least 96 percent (1.5 log) in seven of the eight study patients. Over the 6-month study period, replication of HIV-1 was controlled in two infants who began therapy at 2 1/2 months of age. Plasma RNA levels were reduced by 0.5 to 1.5 log in five of the other six infants. CONCLUSIONS: Although further observations are needed, it appears that in infants with maternally acquired HIV-1 infection, combined treatment with zidovudine, didanosine, and nevirapine is well tolerated and has sustained efficacy against HIV-1.en-USAdministration, OralAnti-HIV AgentsCD4 Lymphocyte CountDidanosineDisease Transmission, VerticalDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHIV Infections*HIV-1HumansInfantMaleNevirapinePyridinesRNA, ViralViral LoadZidovudineLife SciencesMedicine and Health SciencesJournal Articlehttps://escholarship.umassmed.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2685&context=oapubs&unstamped=1https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/oapubs/1686808448oapubs/1686