Yasukochi, YukioMaruyama, OsamuMahajan, Milind C.Padden, CarolynEuskirchen, Ghia M.Schulz, VincentHirakawa, HidekiKuhara, SatoruPan, Xing-HuaNewburger, Peter E.Snyder, MichaelWeissman, Sherman M.2022-08-232022-08-232010-02-232012-04-25Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Feb 23;107(8):3704-9. Epub 2010 Feb 2. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0914812107">Link to article on publisher's website</a>0027-8424 (Linking)10.1073/pnas.091481210720133578https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/43325The DNA methylation status of human X chromosomes from male and female neutrophils was identified by high-throughput sequencing of HpaII and MspI digested fragments. In the intergenic and intragenic regions on the X chromosome, the sites outside CpG islands were heavily hypermethylated to the same degree in both genders. Nearly half of X chromosome promoters were either hypomethylated or hypermethylated in both females and males. Nearly one third of X chromosome promoters were a mixture of hypomethylated and heterogeneously methylated sites in females and were hypomethylated in males. Thus, a large fraction of genes that are silenced on the inactive X chromosome are hypomethylated in their promoter regions. These genes frequently belong to the evolutionarily younger strata of the X chromosome. The promoters that were hypomethylated at more than two sites contained most of the genes that escaped silencing on the inactive X chromosome. The overall levels of expression of X-linked genes were indistinguishable in females and males, regardless of the methylation state of the inactive X chromosome. Thus, in addition to DNA methylation, other factors are involved in the fine tuning of gene dosage compensation in neutrophils.en-US<p>Publisher PDF posted as allowed by the publisher's author rights policy at http://www.pnas.org/site/misc/authorfaq.shtml.</p>Chromosomes, Human, X*DNA MethylationFemale*Gene Expression*Gene Expression Regulation*Genes, X-LinkedHumansMaleNeutrophilsPromoter Regions, GeneticSex FactorsHematologyOncologyPediatricsX chromosome-wide analyses of genomic DNA methylation states and gene expression in male and female neutrophilsJournal Articlehttps://escholarship.umassmed.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1127&context=peds_hematology&unstamped=1https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/peds_hematology/1282796618peds_hematology/128