Terajima, MasanoriEnnis, Francis A.2022-08-232022-08-232011-07-012017-08-04Viruses. 2011 Jul;3(7):1059-73. doi: 10.3390/v3071059. Epub 2011 Jul 6. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/v3071059">Link to article on publisher's site</a>1999-4915 (Linking)10.3390/v307105921994770https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/35020We previously hypothesized that increased capillary permeability observed in both hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) may be caused by hantavirus-specific cytotoxic T cells attacking endothelial cells presenting viral antigens on their surface based on clinical observations and in vitro experiments. In HCPS, hantavirus-specific T cell responses positively correlated with disease severity. In HFRS, in one report, contrary to HCPS, T cell responses negatively correlated with disease severity, but in another report the number of regulatory T cells, which are thought to suppress T cell responses, negatively correlated with disease severity. In rat experiments, in which hantavirus causes persistent infection, depletion of regulatory T cells helped infected rats clear virus without inducing immunopathology. These seemingly contradictory findings may suggest delicate balance in T cell responses between protection and immunopathogenesis. Both too strong and too weak T cell responses may lead to severe disease. It is important to clarify the role of T cells in these diseases for better treatment (whether to suppress T cell functions) and protection (vaccine design) which may need to take into account viral factors and the influence of HLA on T cell responses.en-US© 2011 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/CD8+ T cellendothelial cellhantavirushantavirus cardiopulmonary syndromehemorrhagic fever with renal syndromeimmunopathogenesisregulatory T cellImmunityImmunology and Infectious DiseaseImmunology of Infectious DiseaseInfectious DiseaseT cells and pathogenesis of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndromeJournal Articlehttps://escholarship.umassmed.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1236&context=infdis_pp&unstamped=1https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/infdis_pp/23710542751infdis_pp/237